President's Report
Keith Sterner, Sterner Veterinary Clinic, Ionia, MI, NMC President

Milk Quality - A Worldwide Perspective
K. Larry Smith, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio

What is the Current Milk Quality in the US?
Scott Wells, USDA-APHIS, Fort Collins, Colorado

How Canada Competes Internationally
Ann Godkin, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Fergus, Ontario, Canada

Impact of the SAMM Plan on Milk Quality in New Zealand Herds
Jane Lacy-Hulbert, Dairying Research Corp., Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand

Marketing Dairy Products Beyond Our Borders
Jerry Ostrowski, U.S. Dairy Export Council, Arlington, Virginia

Bridging the Gap Between Public Health and Consumer Demand for a High Quality Product
Duane Spomer, USDA-AMS, Washington, DC

Here's How the Pork Industry Does It
Jerry King, National Pork Producers Council, Victoria, Illinois

Physical Characteristics of the Teat Canal and the Relationship With Infection
Jane Lacy-Hulbert, Dairying Research Corp., Ltd., Hamilton, New Zealand

Bacteria-Keratin Interactions
Woody Pankey, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont

Teat End Interactions With Germicides
Steve Nickerson, Louisiana State University, Homer, Louisiana

A Year in the Life of a Teat End
Leo Timms, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa

Relation of Cluster Performance to Postmilking Teat Condition
Eric Hillerton, Institute for Animal Health, Compton, United Kingdom

Low Vacuum Milking: Effects on the Teat
Morten Dam Rasmussen, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Tjele, Denmark

Risk Factors Associated With Environmental Mastitis
Joe Hogan, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio

Computerized Parlor Data Collection and Use: Monitoring the Cows, the People, and the Parlor
Steve Eicker, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

Teat Cleaning With Pulsating Liquid Beams: Cow Behavior and Milk Flow Rate
Pieter Hogewerf, DLO-Institute of Agricultural & Environmental Engineering, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Monitoring Subclinical Intramammary Infections on a Low Bulk Milk Somatic Cell Count Farm
Hank Hogeveen, Res. Station for Cattle, Sheep & Horse Husbandry, Lelystad, The Netherlands

An Automated System for Monitoring Milking System Parameters
Dave Bray, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida

PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE ASAE INTERNATIONAL DAIRY HOUSING CONFERENCE OPENING SEESION, HELD JOINTLY WITH THE NMC ANNUAL MEETING (Also Published in the Dairy Housing Conference Proceedings)

Dairy Production System Planning: A Systematic Approach
Micheal Brouk, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri

Siting Large Dairy Facilities
Joseph G. "Jake" Martin III, Gainesville, Florida

Geotextile Pad Design and Use for Dairy Loafing and Feeding Areas
Larry Turner, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky

Sorting, Handling, and Restraining Lactating Cows for Treatment and Other Purposes
Bill Bickert, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan

Electrical Systems for Dairies in the Next Millennium
LaVerne Stetson, USDA-ARS, Lincoln, Nebraska

Robot Milking Systems and the Integration in the Dairy Farm
Wim Rossing, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Dynamic Stochastic Model of Robotic Milking of Dairy Cows
Bart Sonck, Burg. Van Gansberghelaan, Merelbeke, Belgium

Free and One-way Cow Routing in Combination with Automatic Milking
Hank Hogeveen, Res. Station for Cattle, Sheep & Horse Husbandry, Lelystad, The Netherlands

Factors Effecting Milking Parlor Efficiency and Operator Walking Distance
John Smith, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas

Sound Analysis to Recognize Animal Conditions and Individuals
Gerhard Jahns, Institute of Biosystems Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany

POSTERS PRESENTED AT THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER SESSION HELD DURING THE NMC ANNUAL MEETING

DairyTQM: A tool for use in on-farm dairy HACCP programs.
J. K. Reneau1, W. E. Marsh1, R. H. Craven(1), W. W. Coleman(2), D. W. Richardson(1), J. Friertag(1), W. Stoll(3), and D. Bartholomew(4), University of Minnesota, St. Paul(1), Minnesota Department of Agriculture, St. Paul(2), Agricultural Utilization Research Institute, St. Paul, Minnesota(3), Agricultural Utilization Research Institute, Marshall, Minnesota(4).

Sentinel herds to monitor udder health and milk quality in the Province of Ontario.
D.F. Kelton, M.A. Godkin(1), D.Alves(1), K. Lissemore, K. Leslie, B. McEwen, C. Church, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, (1)Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Ontario, Canada.

Recommendations for recording and presenting selected clinical diseases of dairy cattle.
Kerry Lissemore, David Kelton and Rochelle Martin, Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Herd characteristics and management practices related to high milk production and production of high milk quality in two regions of Ohio.
Khaitsa, M.L.; Hoblet, K.H.; Smith, K. L.; Wittum, T. and Morley, P., Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

Somatic cell counts, management practices and facilities in California DHIA dairies.
John Kirk(1), Robin Seldin(2) and Kathy Hagin(2), (1)Veterinary Medicine Extension, UC-Davis and (2)Agri Tech Analytics, Tulare, California.

A study on mastitis prevention and milk hygiene practices in eastern South Dakota and western Minnesota.
B. M. Jayarao(1), J. Kuper(2), M. Leddy(2), E. K. Cassel(1), and L. Wang(1), (1)South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, (2)Valley Queen Cheese Factory, Milbank, South Dakota.

A study on bacteriological quality of raw bulk tank milk from dairy herds in eastern South Dakota and western Minnesota.
B. M. Jayarao1, L. Wang1, E. K. Cassel1, J. Kuper2, and M. Leddy2, 1South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, 2 Valley Queen Cheese Factory, Milbank, South Dakota.

Vacuum control, a variable frequency drive with direct vacuum feedback.
David C. Ludington, Cornell Agricultural Energy Program and Lee Southwick, Quality Milk Promotion Services, Ithaca, NY.

The effect of machine milking on teat-tissue reaction using ultrasonic analysis.
D.E. Gleeson, E. O'Callaghan, Teagasc, Moorepark Production Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.

Vacuum stability in milking claws with 5/8, 6/8, or 7/8 inch ID milk outlet under varying conditions of flow and lift.
L. Brazil, C. Collar, T. Jones and J. Cullor, University of California, Veterinary Med Teaching and Research Center, Tulare, California.

Evaluation of rates of intramammary infection in an automated milking system in comparison to a standard milking parlour.
J.C. McTaggart(1) , K.E. Leslie(1), D.F. Kelton(1), A. Bashiri(1) and J.F. Hurnik(2), Department of Population Medicine(1); Department of Animal Science(2), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Survey of Axient milking machine tests.
Elizabeth Berry and Mark Scrivens, Axient, Wrexham, United Kingdom.

Effect of experimental teat chapping on milk production and milking speed.
J.E. Burmeister and L.K. Fox, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington.

Comparison of postmilking teat dipping with teat spraying under natural exposure conditions.
R.L. Boddie, S.C. Nickerson and M. Doyle(1), Louisiana State University, Homer, Louisiana, (1)Biojen International, Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland.

Effect of teat prep procedures on adherence of a dry cow teat sealant.
Thomas C. Hemling(1), Mark Henderson(1), Al Britten(2), Nancy Hanson(2), (1)West Agro, Kansas City, Missouri, (2)Udder Health Systems, Bellingham, Washington.

Field trial models for the evaluation of hairy wart treatment products.
Thomas C. Hemling and Joel Lampe, West Agro, Inc., Kansas City, Missouri.

Characterization of teat end changes or lesions especially during winter and strategies for prevention and therapy.
Leo Timms, Marjorie Faust, Mark Ackermann, and Marcus Kehrli, Iowa State University and National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa.

Evaluation of recommended and extended pirlimycin mastitis therapy for recent and chronic high SCC cows in two herds.
Leo Timms, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

Bacteriologic cure rates for bovine mastitis cases with no treatment or with eight different antibiotics.
D.J. Wilson(1), K.L. Case(1), R.N. Gonzalez(1), H.R. Han(2), (1)Quality Milk Promotion Services, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, (2)Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Eliminating Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infections using immune enhancement and antibiotic therapy.
P.M. Sears, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI and A. P. Belschner, Pharmacia & Upjohn Inc., Kalamazoo, MI.

Evaluation of somatic cell count following diagnosis of clinical mastitis.
H.A. Deluyker(1), S.T. Chester(2), and S.N. Van Oye(1), Pharmacia & Upjohn, (1)Puurs, Belgium, (2)Kalamazoo, Michigan.

Evaluation of dry cow therapy with cloxacillin, gentamicin and enrofloxacin: Comparison of cure rate and new intramammary infection rate.
L.F. Laranja da Fonseca, M.V. Santos, P.M. Rodrigues, C.C. Pereira, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Pirassununga , SP , Brazil.

Intramammary (IMM) amoxicillin versus no treatment for cases of subacute clinical mastitis.
Jerry R. Roberson, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia.

Potential for residues in calves fed milk replacer spiked with penicillin G or amoxicillin.
J.M.B. Musser and K.L. Anderson, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Relationship between antimicrobial substances and somatic cell count in individual cow milks.
J. Eric Hillerton1, Ben I. Halley2 and Paul Neaves 3, 1Institute for Animal Health, Compton, UK, 2University of Vermont, 3 Williams & Neaves, Leatherhead, UK.

The effect of milk from Jersey cows on the performance of selected antibiotic residue screening tests for milk from individual cows.
S. M. Andrew and L.S. Hinckley, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.

Milk residues: HPLC analysis of field positive samples.
James B. Hall and Stephen A. Connell, Fort Dodge Animal Health, Overland Park, Kansas.

Illinois quality milk initiatives.
Richard L. Wallace(1) and Marlena Bordson(2), (1)University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, (2)Illinois Department of Public Health, Springfield, Illinois.

Efficacy of a Staphylococcus aureus bacterin in dairy heifers: An update.
S.C. Nickerson, C.H. Ray, G.M. Tomita, W.E. Owens, R.L. Boddie, and N.T. Boddie, Hill Farm Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Homer, Louisiana.

The effects of sampling time and freezing on the recovery of Staphylococcus aureus from quarters with subclinical mastitis.
J. T. Jansen, S. M. Godden, K. E. Leslie, N. L. Smart and D. F. Kelton, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Contaminated bedding samples cultured on a volume basis.
M. T. Gabler(1), J. K. Reneau(1), R. J. Farnsworth(2), Department of Animal Science(1) and College of Veterinary Medicine(2), University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

Effects of hypertonic saline solution on the bovine mammary gland.
John C. Huhn, David Castillejos, Dawn E. Morin, Dale R. Nelson, Peter D. Constable, University of Illinois, College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois.

Mastitis indices and colostral quality in uninfected mammary glands.
Fiona Maunsell, Dawn Morin, Peter Constable, and Walter Hurley, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois.

Relationships between the Gram staining reaction of clinical mastitis pathogens and milk yield and composition.
Dawn Morin, Peter Constable, Rita Weisiger, and Ted Whittem, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois.

First isolation of Mycoplasma bovis from cow milk in Chile.
Sharon A. Sickles(1), Juan Kruze(2), Rubén N. González1(), (1)Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, (2)Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.

Relationship between some milk immunological parameters and Staph aureus intramammary infections.
Valerio Bronzo, Renata Piccinini, Paolo Moroni, & Alfonso Zecconi, Università degli Studi di Milano, Istituto Malattie Infettive Profilassi e Polizia Veterinaria, CNR - Centro Patologia della Mammella - Milano, Italy.

Epidemiological characteristics of Streptococcus uberis intramammary infections during lactation.
K. Ajariyakhajorn, R. J. Farnsworth, V. Kapur, R. A. Robinson and M. A. Mellencamp, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.

Effect of milk somatic cell count on the response of dairy cows treated with recombinant bovine somatotropin.
P.H.M. Rodrigues, M.V. Santos, L.F. Laranja da Fonseca, K.C. Peixoto Jr.,, S.J.T. Andrade, F.R. Amaro and C.S. Lucci, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil.

Effect of temperature and rainfall on the occurrence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in the southeast region of Brazil.
L.F. Laranja da Fonseca, M.V. Santos, F.R. Amaro, P.M. Rodrigues, and J.C.C. Carvalho Universidade de Sao Paulo, Pirassununga-SP , Brasil.

Effects of environmental temperature on bulk milk cell counts: Data from Dutch dairy herds.
O.C. Sampimon, J.D. Miltenburg, H. Hogeveen*, Animal Health Service, The Netherlands, *Research Station for Cattle, Sheep and Horse Husbandry (PR), Lelystad, The Netherlands.

Epidemiological aspects of clinical mastitis in Dutch dairy cows: Part I. Clinical mastitis in relationship to lactation stage and parity.
J.D. Miltenburg, D. de Lange, A.P.P. Crauwels, J.H.Bongers, and A.R.W. Elbers, Animal Health Service, The Netherlands.

Epidemiological aspects of clinical mastitis in Dutch dairy cows Part II. Distribution of pathogens.
J.D. Miltenburg, D. de Lange, A.P.P. Crauwels, J.H.Bongers, and A.R.W. Elbers, Animal Health Service, Boxtel, The Netherlands.

Epidemiological aspects of clinical mastitis in Dutch dairy cows: Part III. Distribution of clinical signs by pathogens isolated.
J.D. Miltenburg, D. de Lange, A.P.P. Crauwels, J.H.Bongers, and A.R.W. Elbers, Animal Health Service, Boxtel, The Netherlands.

Prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae in bovine bulk milk on farms in Piedmont.
Decastelli L.*, Poglio A., *Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte,Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Istituto di Ispezione degli Alimenti -Fac. di Med. Veterinaria - Universitr di Torino, Italy.

Preliminary results of the effects of imported cattle on the risk of intramammary infection with novel strains of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds.
John R. Middleton, Larry K. Fox, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington.

Growth of Streptococcus uberis in milk from mammary glands challenged with the same bacterial species.
W. Fang, D. A. Luther, R. A. Almeida, and S. P. Oliver, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.

Effects of clinical mastitis on hormonal response in early lactating dairy cows.
M. E. Hockett, H. H. Dowlen, M. J. Lewis, S. P. Oliver, and F. N. Schrick, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.

Efficacy of granulocyte-colony stimulatory factor as an immunomodulator to prevent Escherichia coli mastitis during early lactation.
Marcus E. Kehrli, Jr., National Animal Disease Center-USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa.

Capsular polysaccharide antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus Smith strain and protective ability postimmunization in rabbits.
H. R. Han, H. M. Park, T. H. Oh, C. Y. Hwang, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

Analysis of BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles of Jersey cows by PCR-RFLP: An approach to understanding genetic regulation of host resistance or susceptibility to bovine mastitis.
B. M. Jayarao, B. E. Gillespie, H. H. Dowlen, and S. P. Oliver, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, * South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota.

Detection of new and persistent Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus dysgalactiae intramammary infections by polymerase chain reaction-based DNA fingerprinting.
S. P. Oliver, B. E. Gillespie, and B. M. Jayarao*, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, *South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota.

Educational posters for training employees.
Gilson, Warren D.(1), James D. Strawser(1), Lois J. Heuchert(2), Don Sauder(2) (1)University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, (2)Pharmacia/Upjohn, Kalamazoo, Michigan.

Managing milk quality training courses: What did it change on dairy farms?
Pierre Levesque, Institute of Agricultural Technology, La Pocatiere, Quebec, Canada.

An extension training program for mastitis control and milking equipment.
L. F. Laranja da Fonseca, F.R. Amaro, R. Volpi, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Pirassununga - Sao Paulo - Brazil.

APPENDIX A

Summary of Peer-Reviewed Publications on Efficacy of Premilking and Postmilking Teat Disinfectants Published Since 1980 (1998 Update)